How can EFB be identified in a hive?

Identifying European Foulbrood (EFB) in a hive primarily relies on the observation of specific signs in the larvae. A key indication of EFB is the color change in the larvae, which typically shift from a healthy pearly white color to a more yellow, brown, or even dark color as the disease progresses. This discoloration is a direct result of the infection and the subsequent decay of the larvae, making it one of the most definitive signs for beekeepers to look for when diagnosing EFB.

While the presence of foul odor can also be associated with brood diseases like American Foulbrood, it is not necessarily a key indicator of EFB as it is with other pathogens. Behaviors such as increased foraging or any notable behavioral changes in adult bees aren't direct indicators of EFB; they can be influenced by various factors and do not specifically signal the presence of this particular disease. Therefore, observing the color change in the larvae is essential for accurately identifying EFB in a hive.