Which of the following is not considered a pest of honey bees?

Ladybugs are generally not considered pests of honey bees because they do not pose a direct threat to honey bee colonies. In fact, ladybugs are beneficial insects that can help control aphid populations, which can be harmful to plants in a beekeeping environment. While they may occasionally be found in the vicinity of beehives, they do not feed on honey bees or disturb their colonies.

In contrast, the other options listed, such as tracheal mites, ants, and raccoons, are known to be harmful to honey bees. Tracheal mites specifically infest and weaken bees by affecting their respiratory system. Ants can invade beehives and rob honey or prey on young bees, leading to colony distress. Raccoons, being larger predators, can physically attack beehives to access the honey or bees inside, causing significant harm or even destruction to the colony.